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Moses Schreiber (1762–1839), known to his own community and Jewish posterity in the Hebrew translation as Moshe Sofer, also known by his main work ''Chatam Sofer'', ''Chasam Sofer'' or ''Hatam Sofer'', (trans. ''Seal of the Scribe'' and acronym for ''Chiddushei Torat Moshe Sofer''), was one of the leading Orthodox rabbis of European Jewry in the first half of the nineteenth century. He was a teacher to thousands and a powerful opponent to the Reform movement in Judaism, which was attracting many people from the Jewish communities in Austria-Hungary and beyond. As Rav of the city of Pressburg, he maintained a strong Orthodox Jewish perspective through communal life, first-class education, and uncompromising opposition to Reform and radical change.〔(Great Leaders of Our People: Rabbi Moshe Sofer (The Chasam Sofer) )〕 Sofer established a yeshiva in Bratislava (''Pressburg'' in German), the Pressburg Yeshiva, which became the most influential yeshiva in Central Europe, producing hundreds of future leaders of Hungarian Jewry.〔(Crash Course in Jewish History: Pale of Settlement, aish.com )〕 This yeshiva continued to function until World War II; afterward, it was relocated to Jerusalem under the leadership of the Chasam Sofer's great-grandson, Rabbi Akiva Sofer (the ''Daas Sofer''). Sofer published very little during his lifetime. His posthumously published works include more than a thousand responsa, novellae on the Talmud, sermons, biblical and liturgical commentaries, and religious poetry. He is an oft-quoted authority in Orthodox Jewish scholarship. Many of his responsa are required reading for semicha (rabbinic ordination) candidates. His Torah ''chiddushim'' (original Torah insights) sparked a new style in rabbinic commentary, and some editions of the Talmud contain his emendations and additions. ==Early years== Moses Sofer was born in Frankfurt am Main, on September 24, 1762, during the Seven Years' War. (''8 Tishrei 5523'' on the Hebrew calendar). His father's name was Shmuel (Samuel) (d. 1779, ''15 Sivan 5539'') and his mother's name was Reizel, the daughter of Elchanan.〔 This 32-volume collection of transcribed genealogical records of the Jewish community of Frankfurt am Main, covering the years 1241 to 1824 is available at the Leo Baeck Institute. Additional details about the work can be seen in the (December 1996 issue (no. 11) ) of ('Stammbaum'' ), the newsletter of German-Jewish Genealogical Research〕 (d. 1822, ''17 Adar 5582''). Shmuel's mother, Reizchen (d. 5 May 1731 in Frankfurt am Main),〔 was a daughter of the ''Gaon'' of Frankfurt, Rabbi Shmuel Schotten, known as the ''Marsheishoch'' (died, 1719, ''14 Tamuz 5479'' in Frankfurt am Main), his namesake. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Moses Sofer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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